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How to Layer for Cold Weather When Exploring the Outdoors

Layla Kerley

Knowing how to layer clothes for cold weather in the UK makes all the difference when setting out on a winter expedition. If there’s anything you can rely on with the British weather, it’s that conditions can change quickly – especially as the temperatures rapidly drop in the colder months. Every outdoor enthusiast needs a winter layering system they can rely on, and building one that works depends on your understanding of how baselayers, midlayers and outer shells work together to protect you no matter how cold, wet and windy the conditions get. Whether you’re laying fresh tracks in the Alps (or the Scottish Highlands if you’re lucky enough to get snow), ripping trails or redpointing in frigid conditions, our cold-weather layering guide delivers all the information you need to stay dry and protected from the elements.

What Is a Baselayer?

Baselayers are sweat-wicking and provide next-to-skin comfort, making them the foundation of your layering system. A baselayer helps prevent the fabric from getting drenched with sweat by wicking moisture away from your body, which would otherwise make you cold when you stop moving. Your baselayer should go unnoticed, sit comfortably against your skin and help keep you ddivy and comfortable when you’re working up a sweat during high-output activities.
Baselayers are typically crafted with synthetic fibres (such as polyester and nylon), natural materials (such as Merino wool) or a blend. These materials are breathable and come with their own pros and cons. For example, polyester keeps you dry for longer as it absorbs around 1% of its weight in water.

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What Is a Midlayer?

Midlayers trap body heat as you move to keep you warm while allowing a good level of breathability. As the name suggests, you wear your midlayer between your baselayer and your shell. In slightly warmer conditions, you can often get away with just a midlayer as the outermost layer of your cold-weather layering system.
The Best Material for Your Midlayer
Midlayers come in a range of highly breathable materials – from technical fleece to down insulation, synthetic insulation, and active insulation. The benefit of these materials is that they absorb minimal amounts of moisture expelled by your baselayer – just what you need to keep warm. You can also find windproof midlayers that reduce the effects of wind chill.

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What Is a Shell Jacket?

Durable, waterproof or wind-resistant, a shell jacket layers over your midlayer to protect you from the elements. You might not wear a shell all day, but if a storm rolls in, it’s a crucial piece of gear to have ready in your backpack at a moment’s notice.
You’ll typically find three types of shells: soft shells, wind shells and waterproof shells. Each one excels in different conditions.

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How to Dress For Cold-Weather Mountain Biking

Frost-covered MTB trails and cold air rushing into your lungs make winter one of the best and most challenging times to get out on your mountain bike. The harsh climbs are no easy feat, however, which means you’ve got to prepare for the harsh conditions that come with them. Luckily, wearing the right cold-weather mountain biking gear lets you easily adapt to temperature and weather changes during your ride.

This means wearing…
When you’re mountain biking in cold weather, choose synthetic or natural-material baselayers or liner shorts with:

- Long-lasting next-to-skin comfort for lengthy sessions in the saddle (cushioning is a matter of preference)
- Flatlock stitching to avoid any chafing or irritation
Whether you choose a long-sleeve top or an insulated gilet, a mountain biking midlayer prevents overheating on stiff climbs by prioritising breathability and temperature regulation. It’s best to consider:

- A versatile, medium-weight midlayer to handle cold conditions
- An abrasion-resistant design to tackle technical rides
A lightweight, breathable shell jacket provides weather-ready protection. You might also look for:

- A longer back for extra protection when in the saddle
- Pit zips for ventilation and breathability
- A windproof shell to block wind on super cold rides
If you find yourself riding in muddy conditions, you can protect yourself by wearing water-resistant or waterproof cold-weather mountain biking trousers. Waterproof cold-weather mountain biking gloves provide extra warmth, as do thermal socks, a neck warmer and a thin beanie or skull cap layered under your helmet.

What to Wear When Trail Running in Cold Weather

Nothing beats late-autumn trail running when the air starts to feel crisp. But having fun (and staying safe) means preparing for temperatures in the UK that average around 0°C to 5°C in winter. There may also be a chance of light snow or rain. And, if you’re running at higher elevations, you need to be ready for wind chill. Thanks to our layering system, though, you can focus on achieving a PB without getting distracted by the cold.

This means wearing…
When trail running in cold weather, find a quick-drying, moisture-wicking baselayer to keep you comfortable when working hard and entering a higher heart rate zone. This could be:

- A lightweight, tight-fitting Merino wool or synthetic long-sleeve top
- Winter-weight running tights
- Compression tights under running shorts (optional)
Although -2°C or below feels more like 7°C when running, it’s still important to consider wearing a midlayer. Doing so helps trap a layer of warm air between your body and clothing while also moving sweat to the outside of your cold-weather layering system. And remember, you can always add your midlayer to your backpack before starting the run in just your baselayer. A trail-running midlayer could be:

- A ½ zip fleece pullover
- A lightweight gilet
- Both these options provide insulation without restricting movement
A lightweight shell jacket is the perfect addition when trail running in cold weather. This outer layer lets moisture escape while blocking or resisting wind and water. Depending on the conditions and level of rain, opt for:

- A soft shell
- A wind shell
- A waterproof shell
In case the weather improves, your shell jacket should be easy to pack in a trail running pack.

Other best cold-weather trail running gear includes moisture-wicking socks (such as a Merino wool blend), lightweight running gloves or mittens, and a beanie or headband to warm your ears. Wear a neck warmer and pull it up to protect your face when it gets windy.

The Best Cold-Weather Climbing Gear

Autumn temperatures mean sending conditions for climbers. But taking advantage of ideal friction means also preparing for the likelihood of gusty winds and even odd showers. And if the rock is in the shade, belaying and stationary stints can be particularly chilly. Thankfully, our cold-weather climbing gear means you can warm up without those highly aerobic approaches.

This means wearing…
Synthetic baselayers are a better option for climbing, as they dry quicker than natural materials. Alternatively, Merino wool baselayers are fantastic for multi-day, multi-pitch climbs as they boast excellent temperature regulation and odour resistance. You can wear:

- A baselayer tank or long-sleeve top, depending on your preference
- Baselayer leggings under hardshell trousers (optional)

Look for baselayers with added stretch that support movement on the wall and provide a comfortable fit.
Midlayers provide most of the insulation needed for climbing. But they have to be able to move sweat from your baselayer’s surface to your layering system’s exterior. A cold-weather climbing midlayer could be:
- A fleece for reliable warmth without restricting movement
- A synthetic or down-insulated jacket in exceptionally cold conditions
- Hooded for extra warmth
- A pair of soft shell climbing trousers worn under your best cold-weather climbing trousers (optional)
- An insulated gilet for core warmth when belaying (optional)
A windproof, water-resistant, lightweight shell jacket is the perfect cold-weather climbing addition. You can easily remove a shell for climbing and use it for reliable protection against wind and light rain when needed.

For lengthy belaying sessions, some climbers wear insulated trousers and a belay top layer. This is an extra warm, lightweight and packable layer designed to be worn over their outerwear. Other heat-boosting items include warm socks, insulated cold-weather climbing gloves, a beanie or headband and a neck warmer.

How to Layer for Skiing, Snowboarding and Other Snow Sports

When you’re skiing or snowboarding in the mountains during the winter season, you can experience bluebird skies one minute and a whiteout the next. If you’re wondering how to layer for snowboarding and skiing, you can follow the same three-layer system as layering clothes for cold weather. Following the same guidelines will keep you warm, dry and comfortable from the first chairlift to the last.

This means wearing…
A moisture-wicking baselayer to prevent sweat build-up. This could be form-fitting thermal leggings and a long-sleeve top.
An insulating midlayer to trap body heat, such as a fleece, a padded down jacket or a jacket with synthetic insulation. You might want to choose a combination of the two, depending on the temperature and conditions.
Whether backcountry touring or going all mountain, you need a waterproof, breathable snow jacket and snow trousers for warmth and protection against snow and wind. If you expect extremely cold conditions, choose a lightweight, packable shell or insulated shell as part of your layers.

What to Wear For Cold-Weather Hiking

Hiking isn’t only a summer activity. However, the weather on the hiking trail can rapidly change, so preparing for cold conditions on the trails is necessary. That’s why it’s crucial to know what to wear for hiking in cold weather – and what to pack. It’s not a good idea to start your route wearing all your cold-weather hiking clothes. Instead, to avoid overheating, add and remove layers as you go. It’s vital to prevent sweat build-up, as it can make you shiver once it cools, leading to hypothermia in the worst-case scenario. To stay safe, only wear your insulating layers for hiking in cold weather until you feel the chill or gain significant elevation.

This means wearing…
Select sweat-wicking, long-sleeve baselayers and leggings made from either:

- Synthetic materials
- A lightweight to mid-weight natural fabric, such as Merino wool
- A combination of natural and synthetic material
A midlayer should retain warmth on the descent but also be breathable enough to handle sweat on the uphills. Some hikers skip the midlayer for the ascent and wear just a baselayer and shell – but this depends on the conditions and your personal preference. Choose from a variety of midlayers, such as…
- A fleece midlayer
- An insulated midlayer
- An insulated vest

However, when planning how to dress for hiking in cold weather, avoid cotton clothes. While comfortable, this material absorbs body moisture and takes a while to dry, making you more likely to get cold.
Lightweight is always best when it comes to hiking. This means you should look for a waterproof or water-resistant shell that shields against the elements without adding bulk or weight to your cold-weather layering system. A wind-resistant or windproof outer shell also helps when tackling those windblown ridges.
It’s even better if your outer layer and midlayer compress down to take up minimal volume in your backpack. And don’t underestimate the impact of wearing a backpack. A heavy item covering your back will make you sweat, so look for mesh panels on the back of your layers for added airflow. When understanding how to layer clothes for winter hiking, you can increase warmth on winter hikes by wearing cold-weather hiking trousers and keeping exposed areas covered, such as your head and hands. This means wearing a beanie or hat, neck warmer and running gloves.

Keep Getting Out There, Even in Winter

You don’t have to stop when temperatures drop. With the right layers and quality gear, you can keep getting out there even on the coldest winter days.

Conditions in the UK are especially unpredictable, which means your winter gear needs to be versatile. We’re committed to researching, developing, and improving durable, responsible materials that layer effectively and work in different types of weather so that you can look forward to getting out even when conditions are challenging.

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